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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*bAgatur face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"hero face="Times New Roman Star"ãåðîé face="Times New Roman Star"bag|atur (Orkh., n. pr.) face="Times New Roman Star"(Xwar. ) bahatur, CCum . bag|atur face="Times New Roman Star"ba:tyr face="Times New Roman Star"ba:tyr face="Times New Roman Star"ba:tyr face="Times New Roman Star"ma:dyr face="Times New Roman Star"ba:tyr face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 313, VEWT 55. Cf. the name of the Xiongnu shanyu, MC ma^w-ton (*mag|u-tur). This Turkic word was borrowed into numerous surrounding languages (Iranian, Mongolian etc., see the literature in ÝÑÒß ). Modern forms like batyr, batur are back-borrowings from Mong.; forms of the type baxatir - back-borrowings from Persian.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ta:n| face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 wonder, surprise 2 wonderful 3 to be surprised face="Times New Roman Star"1 óäèâëåíèå 2 óäèâèòåëüíûé 3 óäèâëÿòüñÿ face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tan|suq 2 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tan|suq 2 (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"tan- 3, tansyk 2; dan| 1 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tansyq, (ÊÑÒÒ ) tan|syq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tan|suq 2 (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"to|n| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"dan| 1 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ta:n| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tan|na- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ta:n| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tonsax 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ton|suk, tomsuk 1 face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tan|syq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tan|syq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tan|syq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tan|hyq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tan|syq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tan|syq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 461, 462, TMN 2, 570, EDT 510-511, 525-526, ÝÑÒß 8, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 248. Turk. > WMong. tan|sug|, tan|su > Man. tan|su.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ji:r- / *jy:r- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to split lengthwise 2 to break, tear face="Times New Roman Star"1 ðàñùåïëÿòü âäîëü 2 ëîìàòü, ðàçðûâàòü face="Times New Roman Star"je/ir- 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jir- 2 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jyr- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) jir- 1 (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"jir- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jir-, z?|ir- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jir- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?@r- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"si:r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ir- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|yr- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?yr- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jyr- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jyr- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jir- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?yr- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jyr- 'to dig through' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 198, EDT 955, ÝÑÒß 4, 203-204.
face="Times New Roman Star"*da:l- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to sink 2 ocean face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîãðóæàòü(ñÿ) 2 ìîðå, îêåàí face="Times New Roman Star"taluj 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"dal- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"tal- 1 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"tal-, dal- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"da:l- 1 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"tal- (Castr. ) `swim' face="Times New Roman Star"dal- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"dal- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 3, 133-134 (to be separated from *Tal- `to faint'); EDT 502 (the Chinese etymology of OT taluj seems hardly plausible: the compound MC da^\j-lwi is not attested, and we would expect *Tajluj, not *Taluj anyway).
face="Times New Roman Star"*gEc?- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of flower face="Times New Roman Star"âèä öâåòêà face="Times New Roman Star"gec?emz?|ek 'ëàñòîâåíü îñòðûé', gec?igec?i 'ïàñòóøüÿ ñóìêà'. face="Times New Roman Star"kúc?kú 'catkins, aglets, flower buds' ( > Mari kic?ke 'willow buds'?) face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?u"k 'catkins, aglets, flower buds' face="Times New Roman Star"Ôåäîòîâ 1, 264. Not quite secure, since the root is (folk-etymologically?) contaminated either with gec?e 'goat' or with *gu":c?u"k 'puppy'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jAt- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"winter rye face="Times New Roman Star"îçèìàÿ ðîæü face="Times New Roman Star"c?adyg| 'bush' (Sag.) face="Times New Roman Star"jadyg|an (Âåðá. ) face="Times New Roman Star"d/adag|an face="Times New Roman Star"c?adag| 'low plant' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 177.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jor- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to tire, tired face="Times New Roman Star"óñòàâàòü, óñòàëûé face="Times New Roman Star"jor-, jorul-, jorg|un face="Times New Roman Star"jorul- (Ettuhf. , AH ), jorg|un (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jor-, jorul-, jorg|un face="Times New Roman Star"jor-, jorg|un face="Times New Roman Star"jorul-, jorg|un face="Times New Roman Star"jorul-, jorg|un face="Times New Roman Star"jorul- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 207, ÝÑÒß 4, 223.
face="Times New Roman Star"*do"le- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"tranquil, sedate, quiet face="Times New Roman Star"ñïîêîéíûé, òèõèé, ìèðíûé face="Times New Roman Star"to"lek (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"do"le-k, do"len- face="Times New Roman Star"to"lek (Chag.) face="Times New Roman Star"tu"lek face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 498, VEWT 504.
face="Times New Roman Star"*KAryl/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wolf face="Times New Roman Star"âîëê face="Times New Roman Star"kas?kyr, dial. kas?g|yr 'a bear' face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qe|s?qir, dial. qe|rs?iqul face="Times New Roman Star"kas?kúr < Qypch. face="Times New Roman Star"qarys?qyr face="Times New Roman Star"qasqyr face="Times New Roman Star"qarysqyr, qasqyr face="Times New Roman Star"qas?qyr face="Times New Roman Star"qasqyr face="Times New Roman Star"Ëåêñèêà 160., ÝÑÒß 5, 352.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jolbars face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"panther, leopard, tiger face="Times New Roman Star"ïàíòåðà, ëåîïàðä, òèãð face="Times New Roman Star"jolbars (OUygh.: Suv. ) face="Times New Roman Star"julbarys face="Times New Roman Star"jolbars (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jo.lbars face="Times New Roman Star"jolbars face="Times New Roman Star"jolbars face="Times New Roman Star"z?|olbars face="Times New Roman Star"z?olbarys face="Times New Roman Star"jolbarys face="Times New Roman Star"julbaryt| face="Times New Roman Star"z?olbarys face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 219, Ëåêñèêà 157. The Turkic form is analysed as 'road panther' which is most probably a folk etymology (under the influence of the borrowed bars 'panther'): even if one takes jol with a secondary late attested meaning 'line, stripe', shortness of -o- in Turkm. contradicts the etymology (*jo:l 'road' has a long vowel).
face="Times New Roman Star"*TE:k face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"bottom, lower part face="Times New Roman Star"äíî, íèæíÿÿ ÷àñòü face="Times New Roman Star"teg (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"tag face="Times New Roman Star"ta"g face="Times New Roman Star"tej face="Times New Roman Star"ta": face="Times New Roman Star"tek face="Times New Roman Star"tek 'origin' face="Times New Roman Star"tek 'species, origin' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 475. Voicing *-k > *-g| (-j) in Oghuz points to an original long vowel.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ton|a (?) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"tiger face="Times New Roman Star"òèãð face="Times New Roman Star"ton|a (Orkh.) 'a military title', (OUygh.) 'hero' face="Times New Roman Star"ton|a (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 515 (with some doubts about the original meaning of the word).
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?u"ke face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sterlet face="Times New Roman Star"ñòåðëÿäü face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"ke|, dial. (ÊÑÒÒ ) c?u"ka" face="Times New Roman Star"s/úw|ga face="Times New Roman Star"so"ga" face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 121, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 152. A local Volga region word; cf. however Turkm. c?u"j balyk 'pike', lit. 'nail-fish' - which may be a reanalysis of the original root.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Epej face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"baked bread face="Times New Roman Star"ïå÷åíûé õëåá face="Times New Roman Star"ipi face="Times New Roman Star"a"pa"j face="Times New Roman Star"Forms like epmek may belong here but contaminated with *etmek (v. sub *ite ).
face="Times New Roman Star"*sinc?o"k ( ? -e-) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 ankle-bone 2 shin-bone face="Times New Roman Star"1 ëîäûæêà 2 ãîëåíü face="Times New Roman Star"sinz?|ik 1 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"su"nju"o"x 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"nc?u"k 'hip joint' face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"n|z?|u"k 'hip joint' face="Times New Roman Star"sensek (dial.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"Äûáî 1989 (but not < Perm.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*s[y]c?a-kaj face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 cone 2 nut tree face="Times New Roman Star"1 øèøêà 2 îðåøíèê face="Times New Roman Star"c?oc?og|oj 1 face="Times New Roman Star"s?úw|s?kúw| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 113, Äìèòðèåâà 1972, 174. Cf. perhaps Yak. sihik, Dolg. sisik 'alder' (Stachowski 210).
face="Times New Roman Star"*saba- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to beat, hit, fight face="Times New Roman Star"áèòü, äðàòüñÿ face="Times New Roman Star"savas?- 'to fight' (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"savas?- face="Times New Roman Star"savas?- (Houts. , Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"savas?- face="Times New Roman Star"dial. savas? face="Times New Roman Star"savas?- face="Times New Roman Star"savas?- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 391, EDT 793, ÝÑÒß 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sapy- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to sway, wave, shake up face="Times New Roman Star"ìàõàòü, ðàçâåèâàòü, âçáàëòûâàòü face="Times New Roman Star"saby- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"sabyr- 'to blow (of wind)' face="Times New Roman Star"sapyr- face="Times New Roman Star"sapyr- face="Times New Roman Star"sapyr- face="Times New Roman Star"sapyr- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 785. A possible derivative is sapan 'sling' (see ÝÑÒß 7).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyryl/ / *kiril/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"bow string face="Times New Roman Star"òåòèâà face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? face="Times New Roman Star"keres? face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? (Pav. C. , IM , AH , Qutb .) face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? face="Times New Roman Star"k@r@s, xyrys face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? face="Times New Roman Star"xirlu" face="Times New Roman Star"kiris, kyrys face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? face="Times New Roman Star"kiric? face="Times New Roman Star"kiris face="Times New Roman Star"keres? face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 71-72, Ëåêñèêà 578.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ses face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 threat 2 to threaten face="Times New Roman Star"1 óãðîçà 2 óãðîæàòü face="Times New Roman Star"seksen-, segsen- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"siska"n- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sesken- 2 (Pav. C. , AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"seska"n- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sa"skin- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sa"ksa"n- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"seste- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"súzúr-lan-dúr- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ses 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ses 1, sesken- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sesken- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"hit|ka"n- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sesken- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sesken- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 7.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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